BLOOD BANK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT SOURCE CODE
The number of persons who are in need of
blood are increasing in large number day by day. In order to help people who
are in need of blood, my Online Blood Bank can be used effectively for getting
the details of blood donors having the same blood group and with in the same
city. With the help of my Online Blood Bank people who are having the thought
of donating blood gets registered in my Online Blood Bank giving his total
details.
My Online Blood Bank site is available to
everyone easily. A person who likes to
donate blood gives his entire details i.e., fill in the registration form and
can create a username with a password by which he can modify his details if at
all there are any changes in his information given before.
My site also helps people who are in need
of blood by giving the details of the donors by searching, if at all there are
no donors having the same group and with in their own city they will be given
the addresses with phone numbers of some contact persons in major cities who
represent a club or an organization with free of cost. If at all the people find any difficulty in
getting blood from the contact persons we will give them a MobiLink i.e.,
India’s Largest Paging Service number through which they can give the message
on every ones pagers with the blood group and city they are living in, such
that the donors who view the messages in their pagers having the same blood
group and the in the same city, he contacts the person on phone who are in need
of a blood. Such that the person gets
help from us which saves his life.
The present project elucidates the
following features.
q Registering
the Donors
q Modification of Donor Information
q Searching a Donor
q Life Saving Contacts (in major cities)
q Mobilink Paging Services
INTRODUCTION
System Development:
The
process of building systems has always been complex with system becoming
larger, the costs and complexities get multiplied. So the need for better
methods for developing systems is widely recognized to be effective and the
applied model should meet a few basic requirements.
§ The model should be structured and cover
the entire system development process from feasibility study to programming,
testing and implementation.
§ The model should utilize established
methods and techniques like database designs, normalizations and structured
programming techniques.
§ The model should consist of building
blocks, which define tasks, results and interfaces.
§ The model should separate the logical
system from the physical system.
§ Documentation should be a direct result of
the development work and should be concise, precise and as non-redundant as
possible.
Based on the above requirements of the
system model, system study has been made. Various methodologies have been
applied for system study, evolving design documents, data modeling, input
screen design and report design.
Project:
The persons who
like to donate blood registers in my site as well as he can modify the details
if necessary, giving the Login Id and Password.
The persons in need of blood searches for the persons having the same
blood group and with in the city. If he
found a donor in his city then he gets the total details of the donor, if he doesn’t
find any donor then he is given the contact numbers and addresses of the Life
Saving Contact Persons for major cities.
If he doesn’t have any chance to contact them then he will be provided
with Mobilink Paging Services in order to get the blood.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Preliminary Investigation:
First in the system development process is preliminary
Investigation. Preliminary Investigation
is conducted in the following phases.
·
Project
clarification
·
Feasibility
study
·
Project
appraisal
Project
clarification is the process of selecting a project request for further
study. When a system development or
modification request is made, the first systems activity, the preliminary
investigation, begins the activity has three parts: Request clarification,
feasibility study and project appraisal.
Many request from employees and users in organization are not clearly
stated.
Therefore before
any systems investigation can be considered, the project request must be examined to
determine preciously what the originator wants.
This is called Request clarification.
As important
outcome of the preliminary investigation is the determination that the system
request in feasible.
Feasibility Study:
The
feasibility study is performed to determine whether the proposed system is
viable considering the Technical, Operational and Economical factors. After going
through feasibility study we can have a clear-cut view of the system’s benefits
and drawbacks.
Technical Feasibility:
The proposed system is developed using
Active Server Page, VB Script and HTML as front-end tool and Oracle 8 as the
back end. The proposed system needs a Personal Web Server to serve the requests
submitted by the users. The Web browser is used to view the web page that is
available within the Windows operating system itself. The proposed system will
run under Win9x, NT, and win2000 environment. As Windows is very user friendly
and GUI OS it is very easy to use. All the required hardware and software are
readily available in the market. Hence the system is technically feasible.
Operational Feasibility:
The
proposed system is operationally feasible because of the following
reasons.
§ The customer is benefited more as most of
his time is saved. The customer is
serviced at his place of work.
§ The cost of the proposed system is almost
negligible when compared to the benefits gained.
Economical Feasibility:
As
the necessary hardware and software are available in the market at a low cost,
the initial investment is the only cost incurred and does not need any further
enhancements. Hence it is economically
feasible.
The
system is feasible in all respects and hence it encourages taking up the system
design.
Gathering Information:
The analysis through collection of data
plays the wider role in the analysis of the system. So the data is collected at different levels
of management to keep track of full information of the system.
The
collection of data is done from
Top Level Management
Middle Level Management
Low Level Management
Different methods used to
collect the data:
Questioners:
The data is collected through questioners
by filling a set of questions from the different levels of management. The
questions made by questioners are three different types.
They are,
Structured
questioners:
Unstructured
questioners:
Semi-structured
questioners:
Interviews:
Interviews were conducted to collect the
information. The interviews were
conducted at two levels.
1.
Formal Group Interviews:
the interviews conducted for formal groups i.e., the hierarchical
(official) groups in the firm.
2. Informal
Group Interviews: the interviews were conducted for informal
groups i.e., the groups formed out side
the company.
Observation:
The data is also collected by observation
of the firm. The data is collected by
observing on the site at different timings and at different situations like
when the firm is busy and when the firm hasn’t much work to do.
Record
Review:
To collect the data and to get a clear
idea of the firm some of the data is also collected from the past records of
the firm. This information helps very much to get a clear idea of the firm
i.e., the different problems occurred in different seasons and some exception
conditions. This very much gives a clear
idea of exceptional conditions.
System Study:
Present
system:
There are certain
features limiting the process of the present system.
The drawbacks of
the present system are listed below.
q The increase in number of vehicles now a
days.
q The increase in number of accidents now a
days.
q The patients cannot get the information of
donors easily.
Proposed
system:
The proposed
system, Online Blood Bank site overcomes the drawbacks of the present
system. The Blood Bank helps the people
who are in need of a blood by giving them overall details regarding the donors
with the same blood group and with in their city.
The advantages of
the proposed system are listed below.
q The people in need of blood can search for
the donors by giving their blood group and city name.
q It is very flexible and user friendly.
q The person’s time and work is reduced very
much which prevails in the present system.
q Easy and Helpful.
q The people are not limited to receive or
provide services in working hours of the branch only; he is serviced 24 hours a
day, 7 days of week and 365 days of the year.
Limitation:
q In this project the searching can be done
for donors for majority of cities but not for every city.
q In this project the contact person’s
details are given for the limited cities only.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Software
Environment:
Software Environment is a technical
specification of requirement of software product. This specifies the
environment for development, operation and maintenance of the product.
Technology used:
Http
Http Basics
ASP 2.0
Oracle 8
SQL
HTML
VBScript
HTTP:
The
Hypertext Transfer Protocol is stateless, TCP/IP based protocol used for
communicating on the World Wide Web. HTTP defines the precise manner in which
Web clients communicate with Web servers. HTTP/1.0 is the most common version
in use today. Oddly enough, this protocol is not officially recognized as an
Internet standard. It is documented in the informational RFC 1945. Its
successor, HTTP/1.1, is currently a proposed Internet standard and many
browsers and servers now support this new version.
HTTP
Basics:
The HTTP protocol
follows a very simple request/response paradigm. In short, a conversation
between a Web browser and Web server goes something like this: the client opens
a connection to the server, the client makes a request to the server, the server
responds to the request, and the connection is closed.
The four stages of
a simple Web transaction:
q The client opens a connection to the
server.
q The client makes a request to the server.
q The server responds to the request.
q The connection is closed.
Connectionless Protocol:
HTTP is a connectionless protocol. As you may have guessed,
the difference between a connectionless and a connection-oriented protocol is
in the way they handle connections. Using a connectionless protocol, the client
opens a connection with the server, sends a request, receives a response, and closes
the connection. Each request requires its own connection. With a
connection-oriented protocol, the client connects to the server, sends a
request, receives response, and then holds the connection open in order to
service future requests.
The connectionless nature of HTTP is both strength and a
weakness. Because it holds a connection open only long enough to service the
request, very few server resources are required to service large numbers of
users. In fact many popular Web sites service millions of users in a single
day. The drawback to a connectionless protocol is that a connection must be
established with every request. Opening a new connection with each request
incurs a performance penalty that translates into additional delays for the
user.
Alternatively, a connectionless protocol such as FTP has a
strong performance advantage over a connectionless protocol. This is due to the
fact that the overhead required to open a new connection is incurred only once
rather than with every request. Unfortunately, each open connection consumes
some amount of server resources. These finite resources, such as memory and
disk space, limit the number of concurrent users the server can handle. In
contrast to a Web site, an FTP site can rarely support more than a few hundred
users at a time.
Stateless Protocol:
As stated in the definition, HTTP is a stateless protocol.
A protocol is said to be stateless if it has no memory of prior connections and
cannot distinguish one client’s request from that of another. In contrast, FTP
is a stateful protocol, because the connection is not
opened and closed with every request. After the initial login, the FTP server
maintains the user’s credentials throughout the session. On the other hand, due
to its stateless nature, there is no inherent method in HTTP for tracking a
client’s traversal of a Web site. Every connection is a new request from an
anonymous client.
The stateless nature of HTTP is both strength and a
weakness. It is strength in that its stateless nature keeps the protocol simple
and straightforward. It also consumes fewer resources on the server and can
support more simultaneous users since there are no client credentials and
connections to maintain. The disadvantage is in the overhead required to create
a new connection with each request and the inability to track a single user as
he traverses a Web site.
Active
Server Page 2.0:
What is ASP?
ASP is a server-side software component, used for
Sever-side Validations for Microsoft Products.
This dynamically extends the functionality of a server. Similar to the
manner in which VBScript is used for the making Validations on the client.
Introduction
Since its introduction, the use of Microsoft’s Active
Server Pages or ASP has grown rapidly. Many programmers consider it the tool
for dynamic, easily maintainable web content. The real power of ASP derives
firstly from the fact that he html for the page is only generated when the
specific page is requested by the user, and secondly from purely html, rather
than relying on the browser to support a particular language or application.
ASP enables us to tailor our web pages to
the specific requirements of our users and their browser’s type as well as our
own needs. It allows us to Interact with the user, which helps to keep our site
intersection and up-to-date. Although it is not first technology to offer
dynamic page creation, it is one of the fastest and most powerful.
An Active Server Page is a standard HTML
file that is extended with additional features. Like a standard HTML file, an
ASP contains HTML tags that can be interpreted and displayed by a web browser.
The ASP has three important features. They
are
An ASP can contain server-side scripts by including
server-side scripts in ASP we can create web pages with dynamic context.
An ASP provides several built-in objects
By using the built-in objects accessible in the ASP we can
make our script much more powerful. Among other things ,there objects enable us
to retrieve information from and send information to the browsers.
An ASP can be included with additional components.
ASP comes bundled with several standard, server-side
Active-x components. These components enable us to do such things as work with
databases, send e-mail, and access the file system.
Hypertext transfer protocol is that
handles request and response sent between a web server and browser. The HTTP
request is the format of any message sent from the client to a server. It
includes the URL of the required resource and information about the client and
the platform they are using. The HTTP response can contain a resource, a
redirection to another page or site, an error message, etc.
ASP provides its own request and response
objects, which enables us to access the information stored in the HTTP request
message and response headers respectively. Using these objects we can check for
certificates, read and writes cookies, and gets access to Browser information
and forms data.
The
relationship between ASP and html can be described as follows:
An Active Server Page is a technology that
allows for the programmatic construction of html pages for delivery to the
browser.
In other words, with ASP we can write a
set of instruction that can be used to generate html and other content just
before it is delivered. This makes it a good for html developers, because of
its power and flexibility to generate html, and ultimately product more
spectacular, interactive personalized and up-to-date web sites.
The increasing integration between the
windows operating system, database other Aspects including web services, had a
great impact on ASP 3.0. Many more packages, applications and services expose
interfaces that enable ASP to utilize them.
This increasing complexity, and increased opportunities, means that the
destinations between resources on the local system or network and the internet
are blurring and we, as developers, must be aware of it.
This increased access to resources means
that much of the infrastructure has been built and debugged and if we choose to
we can use this to our advantage. In fact
everywhere we look, much of the hard work has been done and we are left to
concentrate on the business specific implementation of our applications. The
popularity of ASP has placed at our disposal a great wealth of expertise. We
are also not dependent on Microsoft the prevalence of systems and companies,
which use ASP as the core technology, mean that any problems will be resolved
quickly, and in fact many of them already have.
Why to Use?
By using Active server pages, we can
create web sites with dynamic context.
The parameters submitted by a client can by anything registration data,
search arguments, customization, anything. Businesses are interested in the
information that is stored in databases. This information must be retrieved
from a database. The requested information must be extracted from the database
when it’s requested, encoded in HTML format on the fly and transmitted to the
client.
The simplest way to create an ASP page is
to change the extension of an existing HTML document from HTML to ASP. Then
place the file in a new folder under our server’s root folder.
Oracle
8:
Oracle is a comprehensive operating
environment that packs the power of a mainframe Relational Database Management
system into user microcomputer. It provides a set of functional programs that
user can use as tools to build structures and perform tasks, became
applications developed in oracle are completely portable to other versions of
the programmer who can create a complex application in a single user
environment and then move it to a multi user platform. User do not have to be
an expert to appreciate oracle but the better user understands the program, the
productively and creatively can use the tools it provides.
Support
for CODD’S Rules:
Oracle supports the following rules of Dr.E.F.Codd:
Rule1: Information Rule YES
Rule2: Guaranteed Access
YES
Rule3: Systematic Representation of
missing information YES
Rule4: Comprehensive Online Catalogue YES
Rule5: Comprehensive Data
Sub-Language YES
Rule6: View Updating
Partially
Rule7: High level Insert, Update,
Delete YES
Rule8: Physical Data Independence
Rule9: Logical Data Independence
Rule10: Integrity Independence
Rule11: Distribution Dependence YES
Rule12:
Non Subversion
YES
Features
of Oracle:
1.
Oracle is portable:
The oracle RDBMS is available on wide
range of platforms ranging from pc’s to super computers and as a multi-user
network loadable module for Novell Netware. If you run the same application on
one system you can run the same application on other systems without any modifications.
2.
Oracle is Compatible:
The
Oracle command can be used for COM indicating with IBM, DB/2, Mainframe RDBMS,
which is different from Oracle, i.e., Oracle is compatible with DB/2. Oracle
RDBMS is a high performances fault tolerant DBMS, which is specially designed
for online transaction processing and for handling the large database
applications.
3.
Oracle RDBMS is available with two options:
Oracle RDBMS version 8 with transaction
processing option and oracle RDBMS version 8 without transaction processing
option. Oracle with transaction processing option offers three features, which
contributes to a very high level of transaction processing throughout.
SQL:
The name SQL stands for Structural Query
Language. SQL is a data access language, like any other language, it is used
for communication. SQL communicates with database manager. The database manager
could be Oracle, Informix, DB2 and SQL database. SQL is easy to learn. Despite the fact that
SQL is a computer programming language, it is much simpler than traditional
programming language like COBOL, BASIC, FORTRAN or API. This is due to the fact
that SQL is a non-procedural language.
SQL is one of the Oracle facilities. It is
important to understand in each case its differences, purpose and place in the
Oracle family.
o SQL is the language used to access a
relational database, including Oracle.
o SQL May be used with each of the Oracle
tools, where access to the database is required.
Overview
of SQL:
A database
management system requires a query language to enable users to access data.
Structured Query Language (SQL – pronounced ‘sequel’) is the language used by
most relational database systems.
IBM developed the
SQL language in a prototype relational database management system –System R –
in the mid-1970s. In 1979, Oracle Corporation introduced the first commercially
available implementation of SQL.
Features
of SQL:
q SQL is an English-like language. It uses
words such as select, insert, delete as part of its command set.
q SQL is a non-procedural language: you
specify what information you require,
not how to get it. In other words, SQL does not require you to specify the
access method to the data. All SQL statements use the query optimizer – a part
of the RDBMS – to determine the fastest means of retrieving the specified data.
This feature makes it easier for you to concentrate on obtaining the desired
result.
q SQL processes sets of records rather than
a single record at a time. The most common form of a set of records is a table.
q A range of user including DBAs,
application programmers, management personnel, and many other types of end
users can use SQL.
q SQL provides commands for a variety of
tasks including:
§ Querying data
§ Inserting, updating and deleting rows in a
table
§ Creating, modifying and deleting database
objects
§ Controlling access to the database and
database objects
§ Guaranteeing database consistency.
SQL
Processing Capabilities:
SQL is composed of a definition language a
Data Manipulation Language and a Data Control Language. These three languages
support the complete spectrum of Relational Data processing activity. In fact
most SQL based product all access to the data through SQL.
1.
Data Definition Language:
DDL allows creation, Deletion and
Modification of data structure for bar system. These structures include tables,
databases and indexes.
Ex: Create, Drop and Alter.
2.
Data Manipulation Language:
These commands are used to manipulate the
data in tables directly or through views. There are four standard DML
statements. They are select, delete, insert and update.
3.
Data control language:
These commands are used to control usage
and access of data. The most commonly found one’s will include grant, revoke.
Why to Use?
Oracle greatly supports RDBMS features.
Also it supports high security to the data and faster accessing capability. It
can be run on a variety of platforms and operating systems. One can develop an
application easily by providing user-friendly environment.
The features of oracle are portability and
compatibility.
HTML:
The
extended reach of information and services to customers that the Internet has
enabled, has created a new challenge for the developer. The developer should
develop a user interface that is distributable, available on multiple platforms
and supports a wide range of client environments from handheld wireless devices
to high-end workstations. So to maintain a broad reach to client environments
and to achieve greatest compatibility with all browsers, this system uses
standard HTML.
Hyper Text Markup Language
is the standard language for creating documents for the World Wide Web. An HTML
document is a text file, which contains the elements, in the form of tags that
a web browser uses to display text, multimedia objects, and hyperlinks using
HTML; we can format a document for display and add hyperlinks to other
documents.
The user interface
has been designed in HTML hence can be browsed in any web browser.
Cascading
Style Sheets:
These have been used to separate data form
presentation. By using these style sheets throughout the project, a uniform
look and feel can be maintained for all the HTML elements and tags that have
been used in the project. If there is any revamp the way the content has been
presented in the website, the changes can be made to the appropriate style
sheet, which will be reflected across all the style sheets.
VB
Script:
VBScript is the default script for
ASP. Most of the code written in ASP is
in VBScript. VBScript made ASP powerful
by providing all features of other languages.
VBScript supports all data types, loops, conditional statements which is
very useful in making ASP page as dynamic.
VBScript is a
script-based programming language that supports the development of both client
and server components of web based applications. On the client side, it can be
used to write programs that are executed by a web browser within the context of
the web page. On the server side it can be used to write web server programs
that can process information submitted by a web browser and then update the
browsers display accordingly.
The script can
perform actions, such as generating HTML codes that affects the display of the
browser window. It can be perform actions that affect the operation of plug-ins
and ActiveX components. The script can also define VB Script language elements
that are used by other scripts.
Some script may
define functions for handling events that are generated by user actions. For
example, we might write a script to define a function for handling by event
“submitting a form” or “clicking a link”. The event handlers can then perform
actions such as validating the forms data or loading a new page. VBScript’s
event-handling capabilities provide greater control over the user interface
than HTML alone.
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
Hardware
Configuration:
Processor : P III 700 MHz.
RAM : 64 MB RAM
Hard Disk Drive : 20
GB HDD
Keyboard : 104 keys
Mouse : Logitech Mouse
Monitor : 15” digital color monitor
Display Type : VGA
Software Configuration:
Operating System : Windows 98
Web server : Personal Web Server
Web Browser : Internet
Explorer5.0
Designing Tool : Dreamweaver3.0,
HTML
Server Side Scripting : ASP2.0
Client Side Scripting : VBScript
Backend : Oracle 8
SYSTEM DESIGN
Introduction to System Design:
System
design is the process of planning a new system or to replace the existing
system. Simply, system design is like the blueprint for building, it specifies
all the features that are to be in the finished product.
System design phase
follows system analysis phase. Design is concerned with identifying functions,
data streams among those functions, maintaining a record of the design
decisions and providing a blueprint the implementation phase.
Design is the
bridge between system analysis and system implementation. Some of the essential
fundamental concepts involved in the design of application software are:
·
Abstraction
·
Modularity
·
Verification
Abstraction is used to construct solutions to problem
without having to take account of the intricate details of the various
component sub problems. Abstraction allows system designer to make step-wise
refinement, which at each stage of the design may hide, unnecessary details
associated with representation or implementation from the surrounding
environment.
Modularity is
concerned with decomposing of main module into well-defined manageable units
with well-defined interfaces among the units. This enhances design clarity,
which in turn eases implementation, Debugging, Testing, Documenting and
Maintenance of the software product. Modularity viewed in this sense is a vital
tool in the construction of large software projects.
Verification is fundamental concept in software design.
A design is verifiable if it can be demonstrated that the design will result in
implementation that satisfies the customer’s requirements. Verification is of
two types namely.
·
Verification that the software requirements analysis
satisfies the customer’s needs.
·
Verification that the design satisfies the requirement
analysis.
Some of the
important factors of quality that are to be considered in the design of
application software are:
Reliability:
The software should
behave strictly according to the original specification and should function
smoothly under normal conditions.
Extensibility:
The software should
be capable of adapting easily to changes in the specification.
Reusability:
The software should
be developed using a modular approach, which permits modules to be reused by
other application, if possible.
The System Design
briefly describes the concept of system design and it contains four sections.
The first section briefly describes the features that the system is going to
provide to the user and the outputs that the proposed system is going to offer.
The second section
namely Logical Design describes the Data Flow Diagrams, which show clearly the
data movements, the processes and the data sources, and sinks, E-R diagrams
which represent the overall logical design of the database, and high-level
process structure of the system.
The process of
design involves “conceiving and planning out in the mind” and making a drawing
pattern, or sketch of the system. In software design there are two types of
major activities, Conceptual Design and Detailed Design.
Conceptual or
logical or external design of software involves conceiving, planning out, and
specifying the externally observable characteristics of a software product.
These characteristics include user displays, external data sources, functional
characteristics and high-level process structure for the product.
Details or internal
design involves conceiving, planning out, and specifying the internal structure
and processing details of the software product. The goal of internal design is
to specify internal structure, processing details, blueprint of implementation,
testing, and maintenance activities.
One of the
important fundamental concepts of software design is modularity. A modularity
system consists interfaces among the units. Modularity enhances design clarity,
which in turn eases implementation, debugging, testing, documentation, and
maintenance of the software product.
The other
fundamental concepts of software design include abstraction, structure,
information hiding, concurrency and verification. The use of structuring
permits decomposition of a large system into smaller, more manageable units
with well-defined relationships to the other units. The system design is verifiable if it can be
demonstrated that the design will result in an implementation that satisfies
the customer’s requirements.
Preliminary
Design:
Preliminary design
is basically concerned with deriving an overall picture of the system. Deriving
entire system into modules and sub-modules while keeping Cohesion and Coupling
factors in mind. Tools, which assist in preliminary design process, are Data
Flow Diagrams.
Code design:
The purpose of code is to facilitate the
identification and retrieval for items of information. A code is an ordered collection of symbols
designed to provide unique identification of an entity or attribute. To achieve unique identification there must
be only one place where the identified entity or the attribute can be entered
in the code; conversely there must be a place in the code for every thing that
is to be identified. This mutually
exclusive feature must be built into any coding system.
The codes for this system are designed
with two features in mind. Optimum human
oriented use and machine efficiency.
Length of the code range from length of one to length of five characteristics:
Ø
The code structure is unique; ensuring that only one value
of the code with a single meaning may be correctly applied to a given entity or
attributes.
Ø
The code structure is expansible allowing for growth of its
set of entities and attributes.
Ø
The code is concise and brief for recording, communication,
transmission and storage efficiencies.
Ø
They have a uniform size and format.
Ø
The codes are simple so that the user can easily understand
it.
Ø
The codes are also versatile i.e., it is easy to modify to
reflect necessary changers in condition, chart eristic and relationships of the
encode entities.
Ø
The codes are also easily storable for producing reports in
a predetermined order of format.
Ø
The codes are also stable and do not require being
frequently updated thereby promoting user efficiency.
Ø
The codes are also meaningful.
Ø
They are also operable i.e., they are adequate for present
and anticipate data processing both for machine and human use.
Input Design:
Input design is a part of overall system
design, which requires very careful attention. The main objectives of input
design are:
Ø
To produce a cost-effective method of input.
Ø
To achieve the highest possible level of accuracy.
Ø
To ensure that the input is acceptable to and understood by
the user staff.
In this system
input screens are designed very carefully so that no inaccurate data will enter
the database. The data is made as easy as possible. For simplifying the data
entry many facilities are given.
Each and every screen
in this system is facilitated by many pushbuttons so that the user can easily
work with this system.
Output Design:
Outputs from computer systems are required
primarily to communicate the results of processing to users. They are also to provide a permanent hard
copy of these results for later consultation.
The various types of outputs are required
by this system are given below:
Ø
External outputs, whose destination is outside the concern
and which require special attention because they, project the image of the
concern.
Ø
Internal outputs, whose destination is within the concern
and which require careful design because they are the user’s main interface
within the computer.
Ø
Operation outputs, whose use is purely within the computer
department, E.g., program listings,
usage statistics etc,
Ø
Interactive outputs, which involves the user in
communicating directly with the computers.
System - Flow Diagram:
DATABASE DESIGN
Database is
an integrated collection of data and provides a centralized access to the data
and makes possible to treat data as a separate resource. Usually centralized data managing software is
called a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). The most significant different between RDBMS
and other type of Data Management is the separation of data as seen by the
program and data as store of on the direct access storage device. This is the difference between logical and
physical data.
Data
Dictionary:
The
efficiency of an application developed using RDBMS mainly depend upon the
database tables, the fields in each table and the way the tables are opened
using the contents in them to retrieve the necessary information. Hence a careful selection of tables and their
fields are imperative.
The database tables used in this system
are created keeping the above points in mind.
The tables used are given below.
Register Table:
Description: Used to
Register the donor information and helpful for the people in need of blood to
get details regarding the person with matching blood group and city
Field Name
|
Field Type
|
Field Length
|
Name
|
Varchar2
|
20
|
Addr
|
Varchar2
|
30
|
City
|
Varchar2
|
20
|
Sex
|
Varchar2
|
6
|
Wei
|
Number
|
5,3
|
Dob
|
Date
|
|
Bgrp
|
Varchar2
|
10
|
Telo
|
Number
|
14
|
Telr
|
Number
|
14
|
Mobi
|
Number
|
14
|
Email
|
Varchar2
|
30
|
Lname
|
Varchar2
|
20
|
Pass
|
Varchar2
|
15
|
Detailed Description:
My project Online Blood Bank is to provide
services for the people who are in need of blood by getting help from the
donors who are interested in donating blood for the people. This project mainly elucidates the modules
such as:
q Donor Registration
q Modifying Donor Information
q Donor Search
q Life Saving Contacts (in major cities)
q Mobilink Paging Services
These modules can be explained in detail as follows:
Donor Registration:
In this module, people who are interested in donating blood
get registered in my site and give his overall details related to him, i.e. he
fills in a registration form by giving the total details such as name, address,
city, sex, wt, dob, blood group, telephone numbers, e-mail address, etc. He was also given two fields’ username and
password to fill such that he was a registered donor and he can enter the login
form with his username and password and can modify his details if needed.
Modifying Donor
Information:
The
registered donor only is able to modify his details; no other person can modify
his details as there was a login form which restricts others from entering the
username and password providing high security for the details given by the
donor. If at all the donor wants to
modify his details, he was forced to give his username and password to enter
in. After giving the username and
password it checks for the donor whether he is an existing donor or not and if
the username and password matches, he can then able to modify his total
details. If the username and password do
not exist then he gets a message as ‘Wrong ID and Password Entered, Try Again’.
Donor Search:
The people who are in need of blood can search in our site
for getting the details of donors having the same blood group and with in the
same city. They can directly click on
the link search a donor and can select a city name as well as the blood group
which he needs. He then gets the details
of the donors who exist with in the city and the same blood group that he has
selected. If no match was are found for
the city and group selected by him he gets a message ‘SORRY DONORS ARE NOT
AVAILABE WITH THE FOLLOWING BLOOD GROUP AND AREA’.
Life Saving
Contacts:
If at all the people in search of a donor doesn’t get any
match for their area and group then they will be provided a service i.e. he
will be given a Contact Person details for their near by cities who have the
details of many other donors with him.
The people in search can call him and can get the details of the donors
and can be provided services in this manner.
But this life saving contact persons can be available only for a limited
number of cities but not for all. These
contact persons are the authorized persons of my blood bank.
Mobilink Paging
Services:
If at all the person in search of blood has found any
problem in contacting the life saving contacts i.e. the contact persons, he was
provided with a service called ‘Mobilink Paging Service’. The person in search of blood was given a
‘Mobilink’ India’s Largest Paging Service number such that the person who was
searching can call the paging service number and can tell them the blood group
needed and the total details from where they are contacting. Then the ‘Mobilink’ will broadcast a message
on the pagers of their Subscribers displaying the Blood Group required, the
Name of the Hospital, Contact Number, Patients Name, etc.
SYSTEM
TESTING
System
testing is the stage before system implementation where the system is made
error free and all the needed modifications are made. The system was tested
with test data and necessary corrections to the system were carried out. All
the reports were checked by the user and approved. The system was very user
friendly with online help to assist the user wherever necessary.
Test Plan:
A test plan is a general document for the
entire project, which defines the scope, approach to be taken, and schedule of
testing, as well as identifying the test item for the entire testing process,
and the personal responsible for the different activities of testing. This
document describes the plan for testing, the knowledge management tool.
Major testing activities are:
q Test units
q Features to be tested
q Approach for testing
q Test deliverables
q Schedule
q Personal allocation
Test units:
Test
Case specification is major activity in the testing process. In this project, I
have performed two levels of testing.
q Unit testing
q System testing
The basic units in Unit testing are:
§
Validating the user request
§
Validating the input given by the user
§
Exception handling
The basic units in System testing are:
§ Integration of all programs is correct or
not
§ Checking whether the entire system after
integrating is working as expected.
§ The system is tested as whole after the
unit testing.
Other Testing
Strategies:
Alpha Testing:
This was done at the developer’s site by a customer. The software is used in a natural setting
with the developer “looking over the shoulder” of the user and recording errors
and usage problems. Alpha tests are
conducted in a controlled environment.
Beta Testing:
This was conducted at one or more customer sites by the
end-user of the software. Unlike alpha
testing, the developer is generally not present. Therefore, the beta test is a “live”
application of the software in an environment that cannot be controlled by the
developer. The customer records all
problems that are encountered during beta testing and reports these to the
developer at regular intervals. As a
result of problems reported during beta tests, software engineers make
modifications and then prepare for release of the software product to the
entire customer base.
Test deliverables:
The following documents are required
besides the test plan
§
Unit test report for each unit
§
Test case specification for system testing
§
The report for system testing
§
Error report
The test case specification for system
testing has to be submitted for review before the system testing commences.
IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION
During the software-testing phase each
module of software is thoroughly tested for bugs and for accuracy of output.
The system developed is very user-friendly and the detailed documentation is
also given to the user as online help wherever necessary. The implementation phase normally ends with
the formal test involving all the components.
The entire system was developed using the
ASP, HTML, JavaScript, Personal Web Server, and Oracle 8 as back end. The HTML
is used to design the web page. The Personal Web Server is used to understand
the client’s request and to send response to them. The VBScript are used for
client-side validations so that the user can enter only appropriate input in
the input fields. The Oracle 8 is the back end tool where the database resides.
Hence
the design of the entire system is user-friendly and simple the implementation
has been quite easy.
CONCLUSION
This
project has given me an ample opportunity to design, code, test and implements
an application. This has helped in putting into practice of various Software
Engineering principles and Database Management concepts like maintaining integrity
and consistency of data. Further, this has helped me to learn more about ORACLE
8, ASP 2.0, HTML, VB Script, Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Personal Web Server.
I
thank my guide for his invaluable contribution in guiding me through out the
project. I also thank my parents and
friends who have supported and motivated me to complete this project
successfully.
Extensibility:
The
other features, which the Blood bank services provide, can also be incorporated
into this Blood Bank. The Encryption standards can also be used to make the
transactions more secure. The Socket Secure Layer protocol can also used in
implementing the system, which gives highest security in the Internet.
Future
Enhancement:
As there was a little number of contact person’s information given, some
people may face difficulty in getting blood fast. So i like to gather more information
regarding the contact persons in other cities as well as villages and will
provide much more services for the people and help everyone with humanity.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
HTML Steven Holzner (Black Book)
FRONT PAGE Daniel A. Tauber, Brenda Kienan
ORACLE
8 George Koch & Kevin Loney
(The Complete
Reference)
ACTIVE SERVER PAGE John Kauffman, Stephen Walther
SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN Ellias M. Award
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Roger
S. Pressman
VB SCRIPT David
Flanagen
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